• Sirs Criteria
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Sahara is headed by board members and lead by core Shankar Matam and Prathima Reddy Sambram Shankar Matam is the correspondent for the SIRDS and is senior professional in public health, rehabilitation and Development. His vast experience across different domains is an assest in driving the academic institute towards delivering successful and dedicated human resources. Looking for SIRDS? Find out information about SIRDS. Single Image Random Dot Stereogram This article is provided by FOLDOC - Free Online Dictionary of Computing Explanation of SIRDS.

If you’re concerned that your child or grandchild is in danger of SIDS, it will comfort you to know that Boston Children’s Hospital has a tremendous amount of experience counseling parents on techniques to greatly reduce the risk.

What is SIDS?

Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) is the sudden and unexplained death of a baby younger than 1 year old. A diagnosis of SIDS is made if the baby’s death remains unexplained even after a death scene investigation, an autopsy, and a review of the clinical history.

SIDS is part of a larger category of unexpected (as opposed to unexplained) infant deaths called SUDI (sudden unexpected death in infancy). Babies who die suddenly but whose causes of death are later explained (infection, brain abnormality, cardiac dysfunction, etc.) also fall into this SUDI category.

Who is at risk for SIDS?

SIDS is a mysterious syndrome, since by its very definition the cause cannot be determined. But certain risk factors do exist.

About 2,300 babies in the United States die of SIDS each year. Some babies are more at risk than others. For example, SIDS is more likely to affect a baby who is between 1 and 4 months old, it is more common in boys than girls, and most deaths occur during the fall, winter and early spring months.

Factors that may place a baby at higher risk of dying from SIDS include the following:

• babies who sleep on their stomach or their side rather than their back
• overheating while sleeping
• too soft a sleeping surface, with fluffy blankets or toys
• mothers who smoke during pregnancy (three times more likely to have a baby with SIDS)
• exposure to passive smoke from smoking by mothers, fathers, and others in the household doubles a baby's risk of SIDS
• mothers who are younger than 20 years old at the time of their first pregnancy
• babies born to mothers who had little, late, or no prenatal care
• premature or low birth weight babies
• having a sibling who died of SIDS

Are there any theories about why SIDS occurs?

While the cause of SIDS is unknown, many clinicians and researchers believe that SIDS is associated with problems in the ability of the baby to arouse from sleep, to detect low levels of oxygen, or a buildup of carbon dioxide in the blood. When babies sleep face down, they may re-breathe exhaled carbon dioxide. Normally, rising carbon dioxide levels activate nerve cells in the brainstem, which stimulate the brain's respiratory and arousal centers. The baby then wakes up, turns his head, and breathes faster to get more oxygen. SIDS babies, however, may fail to rouse.

The “Triple-Risk Model” for SIDS has been proposed to explain how SIDS occurs. The model holds that SIDS occurs when three conditions exist simultaneously:

• the infant has an underlying (e.g., brainstem) abnormality that makes him unable to respond to low oxygen or high carbon dioxide blood levels
• the infant is exposed to a triggering event such as sleeping face down on its tummy
• these events occur during a vulnerable stage in the infant’s development, i.e., the first 6 months of life

How is SIDS diagnosed?

A baby is determined to have died from SIDS if no cause of death can be identified following a death scene investigation, an autopsy, and a review of the clinical history. Thus, SIDS is a diagnosis of exclusion: SIDS as a cause of death is determined only when all other causes have been excluded.

Can SIDS be prevented?

Because researchers at Children’s and elsewhere are still researching the possible causes of SIDS, there is currently no way to “prevent” the syndrome from occurring. But you can vastly reduce your baby’s risk of SIDS by:

• putting your baby to sleep on his back
• using a firm sleep surface and keeping fluffy blankets and stuffed animals out of his crib
• not overheating your baby or his room when he sleeps
• not smoking when you are pregnant and not allowing anyone to smoke around your baby
• breastfeeding

Causes of SIDS

SIDS is a mysterious syndrome, and by its very definition the cause cannot be determined. Children’s researchers have uncovered strong evidence that SIDS has a biological basis, and are continuing to work towards determining the underlying causes and identifying at-risk babies.

Who’s at risk

• babies who sleep on their stomachs
• premature or low birth weight babies
• babies who become overheated during sleep
• babies who sleep on too soft a surface, or who cribs have soft blankets and bumper pads
• babies who have a sibling who died of SIDS, or whose family history includes failure to thrive

Prevention

• place your baby on his back to sleep
• keep fluffy blankets and stuffed animals out of his crib
• don’t overheat the baby or his room when he sleeps
• don’t allow anyone to smoke around your baby
• breastfeed your baby

Parents’ smoking increases the risk of SIDS

Diseases caused by smoking kill almost a half-million people in the United States every year. Despite anti-smoking campaigns and medical warnings, more than 6,000 children and teens smoke their first cigarette each day — and half of those will become regular smokers. Pregnant moms who smoke increase their babies’ risk of SIDS. Quitting smoking is one of the best things you can do for your baby’s health — and your own.

Latgalian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Balto-Slavic*śirˀdís, from Proto-Indo-European*ḱḗr. Cognates include Latviansirds and Lithuanianširdis.

Pronunciation[edit]

• IPA^(key): /sʲirtʲsʲ/

Noun[edit]

sirdsf

Declension[edit]

References[edit]

• Nicole Nau, A short grammar of Latgalian, München: LINCOM GmbH, 2011, →ISBN, page 23

Latvian[edit]

Sirs Criteria

Sirs

Alternative forms[edit]

• (dialectal form)sirde

Etymology[edit]

From older sirdis (attested in 17th-century texts), from Proto-Baltic*śirˀdís, from the zero grade*ḱr̥d- (with an extra -ey) of Proto-Indo-European*ḱerd-, *ḱērd-. Cognates include Lithuanianširdìs, Old Prussianseyr ([sēr]), Proto-Slavic*sьrdьko, *sьrdьce (Old Church Slavonicсрьдьцє(srĭdĭce), Russianсе́рдце(sérdce), Belarusianсэ́рца(sérca), Ukrainianсе́рце(sérce), Bulgarianсърце́(sǎrcé), Czechsrdce, Polishserce), Proto-Germanic*hertô (Gothic𐌷𐌰𐌹𐍂𐍄𐍉(hairtō), GermanHerz, Old Englishheorte, Englishheart), Hittite𒆠𒅕(kir, ker, kard-), Sanskritहृद्(hṛd) (< *źʰŕ̥d-), Ancient Greekκαρδία(kardía), Latincor, cordis.^[1]

Pronunciation[edit]

• IPA^(key): [sîɾts]

Noun[edit]

sirdsf (6th declension)

1. (anatomy)heart(the centralorgan of the circulatory system which causes the blood to flow through the blood vesselsby means ofrhythmicmuscularcontractions)

   sirds sit ― the heart is jumping (lit. beating, i.e., heavily)

   sirds pārsitieni ― heart palpitations

   sirds trokšņi ― cardiac murmur (lit. heart noises)

   sirds darbojas normāli ― the heart is working normally

   sirds ir mūsu galvenais orgāns ― the heart is our most important organ

2. heart(the center of the humanpsyche, includingemotions, character, personality, and their expression and manifestation)

   līdzjūtīga sirds ― a compassionate heart

   atsaucīga, godīga sirds ― a receptive, honest heart

   līksma sirds ― a joyous heart

   grūtsirdīga sirds ― a melancholic heart

   mātes, tēva sirds ― a mother's, a father's heart

   aizkustināt sirdi ― to touch (someone's) heart

   viņam nav sirds ― he doesn't have a heart

   ai sirds! te maiga tu, te rāma, te nemierīga krūtīs tiec ― oh, heart! here you are, gentle, calm, becoming restless in the chest

   Līnai bija žēlīga un vāja sirds, kas spēja saslieties tikai liela izmisuma brīžos ― Linai had a weak, compassionate heart that could straighten up only in times of despair

3. heart(main, central, mostimportantpart)

   galvaspilsēta ir zemes sirds ― the capital city is the heart of the land

   Ēvalds atvadījās no pilsētas centra, no diviem mēnešiem, kas bija aizvadīti šeit, pašā Rīgas sirdī ― Ēvalds said farewell to the city center, to the two months that had been spent here, in the very heart of Riga

   mašīnbūvi dēvē par mūsu industrijas sirdi ― mechanical engineering is known as the heart of our industry

   jūs abi bijāt pirmajā reisā un tagad esat komandas sirds un kodols ― both of you were in the first trip and are now the heart and core of the team

4. heart(an object or drawing having the shape of a heart, typicallystylized as a cardioid)

   reiz ar pirmo lāpstas dūrienu izdevās atrast unikālu akmens laikmetā veidotu tumšsarkana dzintara sirdi ― already with the first hit of the shovel they managed to find a unique Stone Age dark red amber heart

5. (card games)hearts(one of the foursuits of playing cards, marked with the symbol♥)

   sirds dūzis ― the ace of hearts

   kapteinis sāka dalīt kārtis, un Vilks izklaidīgi ņēma tās pretī... tur bija viens kalps un trīs dāmas: krusta, kārava un sirds ― the captain started dealing the cards, and Vilks absent-mindedly took them... there were three queens: clubs, diamonds, and hearts

Declension[edit]

Derived terms[edit]

• sirdsdarbība, sirds darbība
• sirdsdegsme, sirds degsme
• sirdsdraugs, sirds draugs
• sirdsdraudzene, sirds draudzene

• sirdskaite, sirds kaite
• sirdsklauves, sirds klauves
• sirdslēkme, sirds lēkme
• sirdslieta, sirds lieta

Related terms[edit]

See also[edit]

• kardioloģija, kardiologs, kardioloģe, kardioloģisks

References[edit]

1. ^ Karulis, Konstantīns, “sirds”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, 1992, →ISBN